What is the process of taking a genetic copy of a superior or elite animal known as?

The process of taking a genetic copy of a superior or elite animal is known as cloning. Cloning involves creating an identical genetic replica of the original animal, which is achieved through techniques such as somatic cell nuclear transfer. This process allows for the replication of desirable traits found in elite animals, ensuring that those qualities can be preserved and proliferated within a population. Cloning is distinct from other reproductive strategies, as it solely focuses on producing an exact genetic duplicate rather than introducing new genetic variability or combinations.

In contrast, inbreeding refers to the mating of closely related animals to increase the chances of encountering specific desirable traits but can also increase the risk of genetic defects. Hybridization involves crossing different breeds or species to produce offspring with characteristics of both, thus enhancing certain traits but not creating exact copies. Gene editing is the alteration of specific genes to modify traits but does not involve creating a genetic copy of an entire organism. Therefore, cloning specifically encapsulates the idea of making a direct genetic copy.