The process of giving birth is known as what?

The process of giving birth is referred to as parturition. This term specifically describes the act of delivering offspring from the womb, which is a crucial phase in the reproductive cycle of mammals. During parturition, various physiological changes occur in the female body, leading to the expulsion of the young, and it marks the culmination of the gestation period.

To understand the context of the other options: gestation refers to the period of development of the fetus before birth, fertility pertains to the ability to conceive and produce offspring, and lactation is the process of producing milk after giving birth. Each of these terms plays a significant role in reproduction, but only parturition directly defines the act of giving birth itself.