Kelli notices her ram is kicking at his belly and is experiencing frequent and painful attempts to urinate. Her ram most likely has which of the following diseases?

The observed symptoms of Kelli's ram, specifically kicking at his belly and experiencing frequent and painful attempts to urinate, are characteristic signs of urinary calculi. This condition, often referred to as "water belly," typically arises in male ruminants, particularly sheep and goats, and is caused by the formation of mineral stones (calculi) in the urinary tract. These stones can cause blockages that lead to difficulty and discomfort during urination.

The kicking at the belly indicates pain, which is common in animals suffering from this condition due to the irritation and pressure caused by the obstruction. The frequent attempts to urinate, characterized as straining or discomfort, also align with the symptoms typically seen in cases of urinary calculi.

Pneumonia, coccidiosis, and brucellosis do not typically present these specific signs. Pneumonia primarily affects respiratory function; coccidiosis involves gastrointestinal issues; and brucellosis is associated with reproductive problems. Therefore, the symptoms presented by Kelli's ram strongly suggest urinary calculi as the correct diagnosis.