If properly maintained at the correct temperature, how long can frozen semen remain viable?

Frozen semen can remain viable indefinitely if it is stored correctly at the appropriate temperature, typically at -196 degrees Celsius in liquid nitrogen. At this temperature, the biological processes that would normally lead to the deterioration of the sperm cells are halted, effectively preserving their integrity and function for an extended period. This long-term viability is crucial for breeding programs, allowing producers to utilize high-quality genetics without the time constraints associated with fresh or chilled semen.

While some other options suggest specific time frames, they do not reflect the true capacity of frozen semen storage under optimal conditions, which allows for indefinite preservation. Therefore, understanding the science of cryopreservation is essential for livestock management and breeding practices.